What is a "cool-down" in physical activity?

A "cool-down" in physical activity refers to a period of low-intensity exercise that occurs after a workout to help the body transition back to a resting state. The purpose of a cool-down is to gradually lower the heart rate and help prevent muscle stiffness and soreness that can occur when abruptly stopping intense activity. During this phase, individuals typically engage in lighter activities such as walking or gentle stretching, which facilitates blood flow and aids in recovery. This process is critical for maintaining overall cardiovascular health and reducing the risk of injury.

The other options represent concepts that do not align with the primary purpose of a cool-down. Intense exercise following a workout, competitive activities post-workout, and methods of assessing fitness do not provide the necessary physical transition that a cool-down is designed to facilitate. The cool-down is essential for promoting recovery and maintaining physical health after more vigorous activities.